Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common viral illness that tends to peak in the summer and early fall. This year, however, pediatricians across the country are noticing an unusual rise in cases — and parents are seeing it too.
Meaghan Flechas Smith, MD, pediatrician with Our Lady of the Lake Children’s Health, shares what HFMD is, how to recognize it, how it spreads and the best ways to prevent infection and care for kids who get sick.
What is Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease?
HFMD is most common in children under 5, though older kids and adults can catch it as well. It typically starts with fever, followed by red spots or small blisters on the hands, feet and inside the mouth. These mouth sores can be especially painful, making it tough for little ones to eat or drink. The rash is usually the last symptom to develop and the last to go away. Sometimes the rash can spread beyond the hands, feet and mouth.
While the rash might look alarming, it’s usually not serious. Most cases clear up on their own in 7–10 days.
How Does It Spread?
HFMD spreads easily through saliva, mucus and drool, especially in group settings like daycares, playgrounds and schools. It can also spread through diaper changes and contaminated surfaces or pool water.
Good hand hygiene, wiping down toys and high-touch surfaces, and keeping sick kids home are the best ways to slow the spread.
How to Care for a Child with Hand, Foot and Mouth
Most children with HFMD can be treated at home. Here’s what helps:
- Pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen for fever and discomfort.
- Cold drinks and soft foods to soothe mouth sores.
- Hydration is key. Popsicles, smoothies and water are your best allies.
- Rest and comfort. Your child might feel miserable for a few days, but it will pass.
When to Call the Doctor
Reach out to your pediatrician if:
- Fever goes above 104°F and lasts for more than three days.
- Your child shows signs of dehydration (dry mouth, fewer wet diapers).
- The rash is still spreading after a week.
Even though HFMD doesn’t require antibiotics, your doctor can help with symptom relief and rule out other illnesses.
When Can My Child Go Back to School or Daycare?
Kids can return when:
- They’ve been fever-free for 24 hours (without medication)
- Excessive drooling has stopped
- They have their normal level of energy back
Most children are back to their normal routines within a week.
HFMD looks scarier than it is. With some TLC, cold treats and a little patience, most kids recover just fine at home.
