When it comes to heart health, prevention is key.
Experts Tiffany Ardoin, MD, FACP, internal medicine physician with Our Lady of the Lake and assistant professor of clinical medicine at LSU Health Sciences Center; Andrew Smith, MD, cardiologist, electrophysiologist and director of the cardio metabolic program at Louisiana Cardiology Associates; and Denzil Moraes, MD, interventional cardiologist with Our Lady of the Lake, explore the pivotal roles of nutrition, lifestyle and diagnostic tools in combating heart disease.
Identifying Early Risks
Heart disease often begins silently. Subtle warning signs, such as high cholesterol or elevated blood pressure, can accumulate over time without noticeable symptoms.
“When you have a patient coming to you with a strong family history and early signs of atherosclerotic disease, it’s very important to establish a foundation of lifestyle and preventive treatment,” Dr. Ardoin says.
Dr. Smith emphasizes the importance of advanced diagnostic tools, such as coronary artery calcium scoring and lipoprotein(a) testing, to uncover hidden risk factors and guide personalized care.
“These tools help us stratify risk and target interventions more effectively,” he says.
Food as Medicine
A cornerstone of prevention lies in nutrition.
“Diet has surpassed tobacco use as the leading risk factor for chronic disease in the U.S.,” Dr. Ardoin says, highlighting the shift toward preventive care and the role of nutrition in combating heart disease.
The prescription for heart health begins with whole foods. Dr. Ardoin recommends focusing on whole grains, vegetables and lean proteins.
“Diets like the Mediterranean and DASH diets are well-researched,” she says. “They focus on low processed foods and high intake of fruits and vegetables, which form the foundation of a heart-healthy diet.”
Tackling Metabolic Health
Metabolic conditions, such as obesity and hypertension, play a significant role in heart disease. Addressing these requires a combination of sustainable lifestyle changes and medical interventions. Dr. Ardoin advises building treatment on diet and exercise.
“Sustainable lifestyle changes are key,” she says, while noting that pharmacotherapy or bariatric surgery might be considered as well.
Dr. Moraes adds, “It’s not about perfection; it’s about progress. Small, actionable steps — like reducing sugary drinks or processed foods — can make a significant impact.”
Steps Toward a Healthier Heart
The path to heart health doesn’t have to be overwhelming. Start small and focus on what works for you.
“Incorporate family or friends for accountability and talk to your doctor for personalized guidance,” Dr. Ardoin advises.
Dr. Smith stresses the importance of physical activity.
“Even five minutes a day can make a difference. We recommend 150 minutes of exercise per week, but the key is to get started,” he says.
Take the First Step
Improving heart health begins with a single step — whether it’s preparing a nutritious meal, taking a short walk or scheduling a check-up.
